1887

Journal of Medical Microbiology logo

Volume 42, Issue 6

Antibiotic susceptibility of strains from various sources and the development of resistance to aminoglycosides Free

Abstract

Surmmary

strains reputedly from human infections or tissue culture cells were much more susceptible to azithromycin than to clarithromycin or erythromycin. Lincomycin, clindamycin and several tetracyclines also exhibited good mycoplasmastatic activity but mycoplasmacidal concentrations were substantially greater than the MICs. Ciprofloxacin was the most active of three fluoroquinolones tested and was mycoplasmacidal at concentrations close to the MIC. Tiamulin and mupirocin were also very active. Synergy with specific antiserum plus guinea-pig complement was not observed with any class of antibiotic although the number of viable mycoplasmas was markedly reduced by the combined immunological components. Marked differences in susceptibility to various aminoglycosides were observed. Human strains isolated in cell-free media up to 1967 were aminoglycoside susceptible (MIC range 0.5–25 mg/L) but recent human isolates and strains isolated from tissue culture cells often showed either single or multiple aminoglycoside resistance (MIC > 500 mg/L). Two aminoglycoside-susceptible strains developed resistance to streptomycin or neomycin (> 500 mg/L) within five passages in broth containing streptomycin or neomycin, respectively. Resistance to tobramycin, kanamycin or gentamicin emerged after seven, eight and 14 cycles of exposure to the respective antibiotic. Streptomycin resistance was associated with a five-fold increase in resistance to tobramycin. Neomycin-, kanamycin-, gentamicin- and tobramycin-resistant variants showed mutual cross-resistance but remained susceptible to streptomycin. Induced resistance persisted for at least 17 passages in aminoglycoside-free broth. The use of aminoglycosides in human medicine and the frequent inclusion of some of these drugs in tissue cell cultures to combat bacterial and mycoplasmal contamination might account for the aminoglycoside resistance of recent isolates.

  • Received:
  • Accepted:
  • Revised:
  • Published Online:
© 1995 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland
Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/jmm/10.1099/00222615-42-6-421
1995-06-01
2024-04-18
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/jmm/42/6/medmicro-42-6-421.html?itemId=/content/journal/jmm/10.1099/00222615-42-6-421&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Ruiter M., Wentholt H. M. M. The occurrence of a pleura-pneumonia-like organism in fuso-spirillary infections of the human genital mucosa. J Invest Dermatol 1952; 18:313–325
     [Google Scholar]
  2. Murphy W. H., Bullis C., Ertel I. J., Zarafonetis C. J. D. Mycoplasma studies on human leukemia. Ann NY Acad Sci 1967; 143:544–556
     [Google Scholar]
  3. Williams M. H. Recovery of mycoplasmas from rheumatoid synovial fluid. In Third Pfizer International Symposium on “Rheumatic Diseases” Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press; 1968171–181
     [Google Scholar]
  4. Gabridge M. G., Abrams G. D., Murphy W. H. Lethal toxicity of Mycoplasma fermentans for mice. J Infect Dis 1972; 125:153–160
     [Google Scholar]
  5. Hannan P. C. T., Driver S. W. Arthritis in mice induced with Mycoplasma fermentans isolated from the joint of a patient with rheumatoid arthritis. IOM Letters Vol 1: Eighth International Congress of the International Organisation for Mycoplasmology (IOM), 8‱12 July, Istanbul, Turkey 1990349
     [Google Scholar]
  6. Cole B. C., Ward J. R., Smith C. B. Studies on the infectious etiology of rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum 1973; 16:191–198
     [Google Scholar]
  7. Mårdh P. A., Nilsson F. J., Bjelle A. Mycoplasmas and bacteria in synovial fluid from patients with arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 1973; 32:319–325
     [Google Scholar]
  8. Windsor G. D., Nicholls A., Maini R. N., Edward D. G. F. F., Lemcke R. M., Dumonde D. C. Search for mycoplasma in synovial fluids from patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 1974; 33:70–74
     [Google Scholar]
  9. Zheverzheeva I. V., Koptelova E. I., Neustroeva V. V., Vul’fovich I. U. V., Iaguzhinskaia O. E. Indication of mycoplasmas in the synovial fluid of rheumatoid arthritis patients. Z. H. Mikrobiol Epidemiol Immunobiol 1983 Sept. (9) 63–66
     [Google Scholar]
  10. Barile M. F. Mycoplasma-tissue cell interactions. In Tully J. G., Whitcomb R. F. (eds) The mycoplasmas vol II Human and animal mycoplasmas New York: Academic Press; 1979425–474
     [Google Scholar]
  11. Lo S.-C., Shih J. W-K., Yang N.-Y., Ou C.-Y., Wang R. Y-H. A novel virus-like infectious agent in patients with AIDS. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1989; 40:213–226
     [Google Scholar]
  12. Lo S.-C., Wang R. Y.-H., Newton P. B., Yang N.-Y., Sonoda M. A., Shih J. W.-K. Fatal infection of silvered leaf monkeys with a virus-like infectious agent (VLIA) derived from a patient with AIDS. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1989; 40:399–409
     [Google Scholar]
  13. Lo S.-C., Dawson M. S., Newton P. B. Association of the virus-like infectious agent originally reported in patients with AIDS with acute fatal disease in previously healthy non-AIDS patients. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1989; 41:364–376
     [Google Scholar]
  14. Hayes M. M., Foo H.-H., Kotani H., Wear D. J., Lo S.-C. In vitro antibiotic susceptibility testing of different strains of Mycoplasma fermentans isolated from a variety of sources. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1993; 37:2500–2503
     [Google Scholar]
  15. Cassell G. H., Yanez A., Duffy L. B. Detection of Mycoplasma fermentans in the respiratory tract of children with pneumonia. IOM Letters Vol 3: 10th International Congress of the International Organisation for Mycoplasmology (IOM), Bordeaux, France, July 19–26 1994456
     [Google Scholar]
  16. Katseni V. L., Gilroy C. B., Ryait B. K. Mycoplasma fermentans in individuals seropositive and seronegative for HIV-1. Lancet 1993; 341:271–273
     [Google Scholar]
  17. Lo S.-C., Tsai S., Benish J. R., Shih J. W.-K., Wear D. J., Wong D. M. Enhancement of HIV-1 cytocidal effects on CD4 + lymphocytes by the AIDS-associated mycoplasma. Science 1991; 251:1074–1076
     [Google Scholar]
  18. Lemaitre M., Guetard D., Henin Y., Montagnier L., Zerial A. Protective activity of tetracycline analogs against the cytopathic effect of the human immunodeficiency viruses in CEM cells. Res Virol 1990; 141:5–16
     [Google Scholar]
  19. Stewart S. M., Burnet M. E., Young J. E. In-vitro sensitivity of strains of mycoplasmas from human sources to antibiotics and to sodium aurothiomalate and tylosin tartrate. J Med Microbiol 1969; 2:287–292
     [Google Scholar]
  20. Braun P., Klein J. O., Kass E. H. Susceptibility of genital mycoplasmas to antimicrobial agents. App Microbiol 1970; 19:62–70
     [Google Scholar]
  21. Laborde M. Etude de la sensibilite aux antibiotiques de 34 souches de mycoplasmes a grandes colonies. Pathol Biol 1977; 25:541–546
     [Google Scholar]
  22. Fallon R. J., Brown W. M. In-vitro sensitivity of legionellas, meningococci and mycoplasmas to ciprofloxacin and enoxacin. J Antimicrob Chemother 1985; 15:787–789
     [Google Scholar]
  23. Freundt E. A. Modified Hayflick medium: in culture media for classic mycoplasmas. In Razin S., Tully J. G. (eds) Methods in mycoplasmology vol 1 New York: Academic Press; 1983130
     [Google Scholar]
  24. Friis N. F. Some recommendations concerning primary isolation of Mycoplasma suipneumoniae and Mycoplasma flocculare: a survey. Nord Vet Med 1975; 27:337–339
     [Google Scholar]
  25. Clyde W. A. Mycoplasma species identification based upon growth inhibition by specific antisera. J Immunol 1964; 92:958–965
     [Google Scholar]
  26. Taylor-Robinson D., Purcell R. H., Wong D. C., Chanock R. M. A colour test for the measurement of antibody to certain mycoplasma species based on the inhibition of acid production. J Hyg 1966; 64:91–104
     [Google Scholar]
  27. Taylor-Robinson D. Mycoplasmas of various hosts and their antibiotic sensitivities. Postgrad Med J 1967; 43: Suppl 43100–104
     [Google Scholar]
  28. Kirst H. A., Sides G. D. New directions for macrolide antibiotics: pharmacokinetics and clinical efficacy. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1989; 33:1419–1422
     [Google Scholar]
  29. Taylor-Robinson D., Davies H. A., Sarathchandra P., Furr P. M. Intracellular location of mycoplasmas in cultured cells demonstrated by immunocytochemistry and electron microscopy. Int J Exp Pathol 1991; 72:705–714
     [Google Scholar]
  30. Basker M. J., Comber K. R., Clayton J. P. Ethyl monate A: a semisynthetic antibiotic derived from pseudomonic acid A. In Nelson J. D., Grassi C. (eds) Current chemotherapy and infectious disease. Proceedings of the 11th International Congress on Chemotherapy and the 19th Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy Washington: American Society of Microbiology; 1980471–473
     [Google Scholar]
  31. Schmitt K., Daubener W., Bitter-Suermann D., Hadding U. A safe and efficient method for elimination of cell culture mycoplasmas using ciprofloxacin. J Immunol Methods 1988; 109:17–25
     [Google Scholar]
  32. Brunner H., Laber G. Chemotherapy of mycoplasma infections. In Razin S., Barile M. F. (eds) The mycoplasmas vol IV Mycoplasma pathogenicity London: Academic Press; 1985403–450
     [Google Scholar]
  33. Furr P. M., Taylor-Robinson D., Webster A. D. B. Mycoplasmas and ureaplasmasin patients withhypogammaglobulinaemia and their role in arthritis: microbiological observations over twenty years. Ann Rheum Dis 1994; 53:183–187
     [Google Scholar]
  34. Taylor-Robinson D., Webster A. D. B., Furr P. M., Asherson G. L. Prolonged persistance of Mycoplasma pneumoniae in a patient with hypogammaglobulinaemia. J Infect 1980; 2:171–175
     [Google Scholar]
  35. Hayes M. M., Wear D. J., Lo S.-C. In vitro antimicrobial susceptibility testing for the newly identified AIDS-associated mycoplasma Mycoplasma fermentans (incognitus strain). Arch Pathol Lab Med 1991; 115:464–466
     [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journal/jmm/10.1099/00222615-42-6-421
Loading
Antibiotic susceptibility of Mycoplasma fermentans strains from various sources and the development of resistance to aminoglycosides in vitro
J. Med. Microbiol. 42, 421 (1995); https://doi.org/10.1099/00222615-42-6-421
/content/journal/jmm/10.1099/00222615-42-6-421
/content/journal/jmm/10.1099/00222615-42-6-421
Loading

Data & Media loading...

Most cited Most Cited RSS feed

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error