RT Journal Article SR Electronic(1) A1 Smith, Marion A1 Diederen, Bram A1 Scharringa, Jelle A1 Leversteijn-van Hall, Maurine A1 Fluit, Ad C. A1 Cohen Stuart, JamesYR 2016 T1 Rapid and accurate detection of carbapenemase genes in Enterobacteriaceae with the Cepheid Xpert Carba-R assay JF Journal of Medical Microbiology, VO 65 IS 9 SP 951 OP 953 DO https://doi.org/10.1099/jmm.0.000310 PB Microbiology Society, SN 1473-5644, AB Rapid and accurate detection of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae is pivotal for adequate antibiotic therapy and infection control. The Cepheid Xpert Carba-R assay detects and identifies the most prevalent carbapenemases (KPC, VIM, IMP, NDM and OXA-48), using automated real-time PCR. The test performance of the Xpert Carba-R was evaluated with 129 well-characterized non-repeat Enterobacteriaceae isolates, suspected for carbapenemase production, i.e. with meropenem MICs >0.25 mg l−1. The isolate collection contained 100 carbapenemase-producing isolates (36 KPC-2 or KPC-3, 20 VIM-1, 4 KPC-2 plus VIM-1, 5 NDM-1, 2 IMP-1, 1 IMP-28, 1 IMP-1 plus VIM-1 and 31 OXA-48 like) and 29 negative control isolates producing extended-spectrum β-lactamase and/or AmpC β-lactamases. PCR and sequencing of β-lactamase genes were used as reference tests. The sensitivity of the Xpert Carba-R was 100 % (100/100), with a 100 % (29/29) specificity. The time to result was approximately 55 min with a hands-on time of only 1 min per isolate. In conclusion, the Carba-R assay is a rapid and accurate instrument for the confirmation and identification of the bla KPC, bla VIM, bla IMP, bla NDM and bla OXA-48 genes., UL https://www.microbiologyresearch.org/content/journal/jmm/10.1099/jmm.0.000310