1887

Abstract

Meticillin-resistant (MRSA) is a major nosocomial pathogen in Pakistan and is emerging in the community. This is one of the first reports of the prevalent genotypes of MRSA in both hospital and community settings in Pakistan. Isolates collected in 2006–2007 were characterized by PFGE, staphylococcal cassette chromosome (SCC) typing and multilocus sequence typing (MLST). PFGE identified nine pulsotypes, the majority of isolates belonging to pulsotypes A (=70) and B (=38), which were predominant among hospital-onset MRSA (HO-MRSA) and community-onset MRSA (CO-MRSA) isolates, respectively. Among the HO-MRSA isolates, variants of SCC type III were prevalent, whilst SCC type IV or variants were predominant in the CO-MRSA isolates. MLST identified two principal sequence types, ST8 and ST239. An association was observed between ST8, PFGE pulsotype B and SCC type IV in the CO-MRSA (ST8-MRSA-IV). Similarly, ST239, PFGE pulsotype A and SCC type III were associated with HO-MRSA (ST239-MRSA-III). Therefore, the prevalent genotypes circulating in Pakistan at the time of study were ST8-MRSA-IV and ST239-MRSA-III in the community and hospital settings, respectively. A set of HO-MRSA isolates collected in 1997 were characterized by PFGE and SCC typing for comparison. The isolates belonged to two PFGE pulsotypes (A, =28; B, =11) and contained just two SCC types. These results suggest that an increase in genetic diversity occurred over the period 1997–2007 as a result of either microevolution or the importation of strains from surrounding areas.

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2011-01-01
2024-03-28
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