1887

Abstract

Although premenstrual exacerbation of vulvovaginal symptoms attributed to spp. is well documented, the causation of these symptoms is not well understood. This study describes the daily vaginal colonization of in three women. A single pilot study was designed to test the methodology of the proposed randomized controlled trial, Garlic and . This study reports the colonization of spp. in three women. Ten women aged 18–50 who reported at least one episode of vulvovaginal candidiasis were recruited by the University of Melbourne. Each participant took daily vaginal swabs for 2 weeks during the luteal phase of their menstrual cycle, which were analysed for quantitative colony counts of spp. Of these, three women were colonized with spp. For the first time, to our knowledge, daily colonization of during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle is described in three women, demonstrating an increase in the colony count preceding symptom development. This small study demonstrated the colonization of spp. during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle in three women. colonization is poorly understood, yet investigating the relevance of the link between symptom exacerbation and the menstrual cycle in those women who experience recurrent episodes of vulvovaginal candidiasis may influence the management of this condition.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/jmm/10.1099/jmm.0.044578-0
2012-11-01
2024-03-19
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/jmm/61/11/1580.html?itemId=/content/journal/jmm/10.1099/jmm.0.044578-0&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Beigi R. H., Meyn L. A., Moore D. M., Krohn M. A., Hillier S. L. 2004; Vaginal yeast colonization in nonpregnant women: a longitudinal study. Obstet Gynecol 104:926–930 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Engberts M. K., Boon M. E., van Haaften M., Heintz A. P. 2007; Symptomatic candidiasis: using self sampled vaginal smears to establish the presence of Candida, lactobacilli, and Gardnerella vaginalis . Diagn Cytopathol 35:635–639 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Eschenbach D. A., Thwin S. S., Patton D. L., Hooton T. M., Stapleton A. E., Agnew K., Winter C., Meier A., Stamm W. E. 2000; Influence of the normal menstrual cycle on vaginal tissue, discharge, and microflora. Clin Infect Dis 30:901–907 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  4. Fidel P. L. Jr, Barousse M., Lounev V., Espinosa T., Chesson R. R., Dunlap K. 2003; Local immune responsiveness following intravaginal challenge with Candida antigen in adult women at different stages of the menstrual cycle. Med Mycol 41:97–109[PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Goldacre M. J., Watt B., Loudon N., Milne L. J., Loudon J. D., Vessey M. P. 1979; Vaginal microbial flora in normal young women. BMJ 1:1450–1455 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  6. González G. M., Robledo E., Garza-González E., Elizondo M., González J. G. 2009; Efficacy of albaconazole against Candida albicans in a vaginitis model. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 53:4540–4541 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Larsen B., Galask R. P. 1982; Vaginal microbial flora: composition and influences of host physiology. Ann Intern Med 96:926–930[PubMed] [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Lemar K. M., Turner M. P., Lloyd D. 2002; Garlic (Allium sativum) as an anti-Candida agent: a comparison of the efficacy of fresh garlic and freeze-dried extracts. J Appl Microbiol 93:398–405 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  9. Linhares L. M., Witkin S. S., Miranda S. D., Fonseca A. M., Pinotti J. A., Ledger W. J. 2001; Differentiation between women with vulvovaginal symptoms who are positive or negative for Candida species by culture. Infect Dis Obstet Gynecol 9:221–225 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  10. Odds F. C., Webster C. E., Riley V. C., Fisk P. G. 1987; Epidemiology of vaginal Candida infection: significance of numbers of vaginal yeasts and their biotypes. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 25:53–66 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Odds F. C., Webster C. E., Mayuranathan P., Simmons P. D. 1988; Candida concentrations in the vagina and their association with signs and symptoms of vaginal candidosis. J Med Vet Mycol 26:277–283 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  12. Passos M. R. L., Varella R. Q., Barreto N. A., Garcia M. L., Giraldo P. C. 2007; Accuracy of a self-collection kit for the microbiological study of the vaginal content. Braz J Infect Dis 11:249–253 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  13. Pirotta M., Gunn J., Chondros P., Grover S., O’Malley P., Hurley S., Garland S. 2004; Effect of lactobacillus in preventing post-antibiotic vulvovaginal candidiasis: a randomised controlled trial. BMJ 329:548–551 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Priestley C. J., Jones B. M., Dhar J., Goodwin L. 1997; What is normal vaginal flora?. Genitourin Med 73:23–28[PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Sautter R. L., Brown W. J. 1980; Sequential vaginal cultures from normal young women. J Clin Microbiol 11:479–484[PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Schwebke J. R., Morgan S. C., Weiss H. L. 1997; The use of sequential self-obtained vaginal smears for detecting changes in the vaginal flora. Sex Transm Dis 24:236–239 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  17. Sobel J. D. 2007; Vulvovaginal candidosis. Lancet 369:1961–1971 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  18. van de Wijgert J., Altini L., Jones H., de Kock A., Young T., Williamson A.-L., Hoosen A., Coetzee N. 2006; Two methods of self-sampling compared to clinician sampling to detect reproductive tract infections in Gugulethu, South Africa. Sex Transm Dis 33:516–523 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journal/jmm/10.1099/jmm.0.044578-0
Loading
/content/journal/jmm/10.1099/jmm.0.044578-0
Loading

Data & Media loading...

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error