1887

Abstract

expression of the developmentally regulated hyphal wall protein 1 () gene was analysed in human subjects who were culture positive for and had oral symptoms (=40) or were asymptomatic (=29), or had vaginal symptoms (=40) or were asymptomatic (=29). mRNA was present regardless of symptoms, implicating hyphal and possibly pseudohyphal forms in mucosal carriage as well as disease. As expected, in control subjects without oral symptoms (=10) and without vaginal symptoms (=10) who were culture negative in oral and vaginal samples, mRNA was not detected. However, exposure to Hwp1 in healthy culture-negative controls, as well as in oral candidiasis and asymptomatic mucosal infections, was shown by the existence of local salivary and systemic adaptive antibody responses to Hwp1. The results are consistent with a role for Hwp1 in gastrointestinal colonization as well as in mucosal symptomatic and asymptomatic infections. Overall, Hwp1 and hyphal growth forms appear to be important factors in benign and invasive interactions of with human hosts.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/jmm/10.1099/jmm.0.46737-0
2006-10-01
2024-03-28
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/jmm/55/10/1323.html?itemId=/content/journal/jmm/10.1099/jmm.0.46737-0&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Bahn Y. S., Staab J., Sundstrom P. 2003; Increased high-affinity phosphodiesterase PDE2 gene expression in germ tubes counteracts CAP1 -dependent synthesis of cyclic AMP, limits hypha production and promotes virulence of Candida albicans . Mol Biol 50:391–409
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Falkow S. 2006; Is persistent bacterial infection good for your health?. Cell 124:699–702 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Laprade L., Boyartchuk V. L., Dietrich W. F., Winston F. 2002; Spt3 plays opposite roles in filamentous growth in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Candida albicans and is required for C. albicans virulence. Genetics 161:509–519
    [Google Scholar]
  4. Lehmann P. F., Reiss E. 1980; Comparison by ELISA of serum anti- Candida albicans mannan IgG levels of a normal population and in diseased patients. Mycopathologia 70:89–93 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Lo H. J., Kohler J. R., DiDomenico B., Loebenberg D., Cacciapuoti A., Fink G. R. 1997; Nonfilamentous C. albicans mutants are avirulent. Cell 90:939–949 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Munoz A. I., Limbert D. 1977; Skin reactivity to Candida and streptokinase-streptodornase antigens in normal pediatric subjects: influence of age and acute illness. J Pediatr 91:565–568 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Naglik J. R., Newport G., White T. C., Fernandes-Naglik L. L., Greenspan J. S., Greenspan D., Sweet S. P., Challacombe S. J., Agabian N. 1999; In vivo analysis of secreted aspartyl proteinase expression in human oral candidiasis. Infect Immun 67:2482–2490
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Naglik J. R., Rodgers C. A., Shirlaw P. J., Dobbie J. L., Fernandes-Naglik L. L., Greenspan D., Agabian N., Challacombe S. J. 2003; Differential expression of Candida albicans secreted aspartyl proteinase and phospholipase B genes in humans correlates with active oral and vaginal infections. J Infect Dis 188:469–479 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  9. Naglik J. R., Scott J., Rahman D., Mistry M., Challacombe S. J. 2005; Serum and saliva antibodies do not inhibit Candida albicans Sap2 proteinase activity using a BSA hydrolysis assay. Med Mycol 43:73–77 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  10. Nantel A., Dignard D., Bachewich C. & 12 other authors; 2002; Transcription profiling of Candida albicans cells undergoing the yeast-to-hyphal transition. Mol Biol Cell 13:3452–3465 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Shannon D. C., Johnson G., Rosen F. S., Austen K. F. 1966; Cellular reactivity to Candida albicans antigen. N Engl J Med 275:690–693 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  12. Sharkey L. L., McNemar M. D., Saporito-Irwin S. M., Sypherd P. S., Fonzi W. A. 1999; HWP1 functions in the morphological development of Candida albicans downstream ofEFG1 , TUP1 ,and RBF1 . J Bacteriol 181:5273–5279
    [Google Scholar]
  13. Snide J. L., Sundstrom P. 2006 Characterisation of HWP1 promoter activation in pseudohyphal cells in Candida albicans .Presentation at the Eighth ASM Conference on Candida and Candidiasis Denver, CO. Washington, DC: American Society for Microbiology;
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Staab J. F., Ferrer C. A., Sundstrom P. 1996; Developmental expression of a tandemly repeated, proline- and glutamine-rich amino acid motif on hyphal surfaces on Candida albicans . J Biol Chem 271:6298–6305 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Staab J. F., Bradway S. D., Fidel P. L., Sundstrom P. 1999; Adhesive and mammalian transglutaminase substrate properties of Candida albicans Hwp1. Science 283:1535–1538 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Staab J. F., Bahn Y. S., Tai C. H., Cook P. F., Sundstrom P. 2004; Expression of transglutaminase substrate activity on Candida albicans germ tubes through a coiled, disulfide-bonded N-terminal domain of Hwp1 requires C-terminal glycosylphosphatidylinositol modification. J Biol Chem 279:40737–40747 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  17. Strockbine N. A., Largen M. T., Zweibel S. M., Buckley H. R. 1984; Identification and molecular weight characterization of antigens from Candida albicans that are recognized by human sera. Infect Immun 43:715–721
    [Google Scholar]
  18. Sundstrom P. 2006; Candida albicans hypha formation and virulence. In Molecular Principles of Fungal Pathogenesis pp  45–47 Washington, DC: American Society for Microbiology;
    [Google Scholar]
  19. Sundstrom P., Balish E., Allen C. M. 2002; Essential role of the Candida albicans transglutaminase substrate, hyphal wall protein 1, in lethal oroesophageal candidiasis in immunodeficient mice. J Infect Dis 185:521–530 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journal/jmm/10.1099/jmm.0.46737-0
Loading
/content/journal/jmm/10.1099/jmm.0.46737-0
Loading

Data & Media loading...

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error