1887

Abstract

Cell-surface antigens of and LPS from were investigated for modulating effects on the activity of toxin A on Vero and Caco2 cells. The antigens of tested comprised: (i) an EDTA extract, which contained several major and minor cell-surface proteins and the membrane-associated lipocarbohydrate (LC); (ii) a guanidine hydrochloride extract, which mainly contained the surface-layer proteins; (iii) an aqueous phenol-extracted, protein-free LC. On their own, none of the antigens had a detrimental effect on the cells, with the EDTA extract and LC having a marginally protective effect. When these antigens were added to suboptimal levels of toxin A, there was significant enhancement of its cytotoxicity by the EDTA and LC preparations on both cell types. LPS showed some enhancement of the effect of toxin on Vero cells at the lowest levels of toxin investigated. It was concluded that this effect seen may have a role to play in the colon during infection with .

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/jmm/10.1099/jmm.0.47678-0
2008-06-01
2024-04-16
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/jmm/57/6/739.html?itemId=/content/journal/jmm/10.1099/jmm.0.47678-0&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Borriello S. P., Ketley J. M., Mitchell T. J., Barclay F. E., Welch A. R., Price A. B., Stephen J. 1987; Clostridium difficile – a spectrum of virulence and analysis of putative virulence determinants in the hamster model of antibiotic-associated colitis. J Med Microbiol 24:53–64 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Deacon A. G., Duerden B. I., Holbrook W. P. 1978; Gas–liquid chromatographic analysis of metabolic products in the identification of Bacteroidaceae of clinical interest. J Med Microbiol 11:81–99 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Drudy D., Harnedy N., Fanning S., Hannan M., Kyne L. 2007; Emergence and control of fluoroquinolone-resistant, toxin A-negative, toxin B-positive Clostridium difficile . Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 28:932–940 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  4. Geric B., Carman R. J., Rupnik M., Genheimer C. W., Sambol S. P., Lyerly D. M., Gerding D. N., Johnson S. 2006; Binary toxin-producing, large clostridial toxin-negative Clostridium difficile strains are enterotoxic but do not cause disease in hamsters. J Infect Dis 193:1143–1150 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Kamiya S., Reed P. J., Borriello S. P. 1989; Purification and characterisation of Clostridium difficile toxin A by bovine thyroglobulin affinity chromatography and dissociation in denaturing conditions with or without reduction. J Med Microbiol 30:69–77 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Krivan H. C., Wilkins T. D. 1987; Purification of Clostridium difficile toxin A by affinity chromatography on immobilized thyroglobulin. Infect Immun 55:1873–1877
    [Google Scholar]
  7. McCoubrey J., Poxton I. R. 2001; Variation in the surface layer proteins of Clostridium difficile . FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol 31:131–135 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Péchiné S., Janoir C., Collignon A. 2005; Variability of Clostridium difficile surface proteins and specific serum antibody response in patients with Clostridium difficile -associated disease. J Clin Microbiol 43:5018–5025 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  9. Péchiné S., Janoir C., Boureau H., Gleizes A., Tsapis N., Hoys S., Fattal E., Collignon A. 2007; Diminished intestinal colonization by Clostridium difficile and immune response in mice after mucosal immunization with surface proteins of Clostridium difficile . Vaccine 25:3946–3954 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  10. Poxton I. R., Byrne M. D. 1981; Immunological analysis of Clostridium difficile and related species. J Gen Microbiol 122:41–46
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Poxton I. R., Cartmill T. D. I. 1982; Immunochemistry of the cell-surface carbohydrate antigens of Clostridium difficile . J Gen Microbiol 128:1365–1370
    [Google Scholar]
  12. Poxton I. R., McCoubrey J., Blair G. 2001; The pathogenicity of Clostridium difficile . Clin Microbiol Infect 7:421–427 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  13. Sharp J., Poxton I. R. 1986; Analysis of the membrane lipocarbohydrate antigen of Clostridium difficile by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and immunoblotting. FEMS Microbiol Lett 34:97–100 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Warny M., Pepin J., Fang A., Killgore G., Thompson A., Brazier J., Frost E., McDonald L. C. 2005; Toxin production by an emerging strain of Clostridium difficile associated with outbreaks of severe disease in North America and Europe. Lancet 366:1079–1084 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journal/jmm/10.1099/jmm.0.47678-0
Loading
/content/journal/jmm/10.1099/jmm.0.47678-0
Loading

Data & Media loading...

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error