- Volume 2, Issue 3, 1969
Volume 2, Issue 3, 1969
- Articles
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Phagocytic and Bactericidal Activities of Peritoneal and Alveolar Macrophages from Mice
More LessSUMMARYA comparison was made of the in-vitro phagocytic and bactericidal activities of mouse macrophages derived from the peritoneal cavity and from the lung. Both cell types were active, but peritoneal macrophages were superior, especially in their bactericidal ability. The two cell types also showed morphological differences when cultured on glass surfaces. The results are compared with those of similar studies of macrophages derived from other animal species.
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The Non-Antigenicity of Intact Ova of Clonorchis Sinensis
More LessSUMMARYThe failure of clonorchis ova to elicit antibody in infections is not due simply to the rarity with which ova enter the tissues. The ovum does not provoke granuloma formation as some other ova do when it is injected experimentally into the subcutaneous tissue of mice in the absence of bile. Granulomatous appearances in occasional human lesions in which ova are found in the tissues outside the biliary tree are due to the presence of bile. The circum-oval precipitin test is consistently negative and the shell of the clonorchis ovum is impermeable to the antigens in the embryo. It is concluded that clonorchis ova play no important role in stimulating humoral and cellular immunity in the definitive host.
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Studies on the Toxicity of Sarcocystis
More LessSUMMARYWhen a suspension of a rhesus monkey’s muscle infected with Sarcocystis kortei spores was injected intravenously into rabbits, the animals showed toxic manifestations similar to those produced by S. tenella spores and antigen; they suffered severe diarrhoea, and collapsed and died within 4–12 hr. No toxin was found in the neighbouring uninfected muscles of the same infected monkey.
S. kortei did not produce toxic manifestations when fed to laboratory rodents or when fed to, or inoculated into, rhesus monkeys. S. pitymysi did not produce toxic effects when injected intravenously into rabbits, or subcutaneously or intraperitoneally into rodents.
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Identity and Glycogen-Fermenting Ability of Lactobacilli Isolated from the Vagina of Pregnant Women
More LessSUMMARYThirty-two strains of lactobacilli were isolated from the healthy vaginas of pregnant women and 10 strains from the vaginas of pregnant women with a vaginal discharge due to candida infection. Of these 42 strains, 11 were Lactobacillus acidophilus, 2 were L. brevis, 6 were L. casei, 12 were L. fermentum, 1 was L. lactis, 5 were L. leichmannii, and 5 were L. salivarius. Whereas only 1 strain of L. acidophilus split oyster glycogen, human vaginal glycogen was split by 2 wild strains and 2 laboratory strains of L. acidophilus, 1 laboratory strain of L. leichmannii and 1 wild strain of L. salivarius.
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Nalidixic Acid (Negram) Disc Technique for the Rapid Isolation of Faecal Streptococci from Mixed Flora
More LessSUMMARYOver 98 per cent. of 200 faecal streptococcus strains isolated from mixed flora, mainly in specimens of urine but also in pus, peritoneal and wound swabs were resistant to 30 μg of nalidixic acid.
Placing filter paper discs containing 30 μg of nalidixic acid on primary plates inoculated with mixed flora is a reliable and simple method of isolating faecal streptococci from specimens containing a large admixture of Gram-negative bacilli.
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Experimental Botryomycosis Produced by Pseudomonas Aeruginosa
More LessSUMMARYGuinea-pigs intratesticularly challenged with small doses of Pseudomonas aeruginosa developed local abscesses with actinomycetoid granules measuring up to 300 ¼m in diameter; metastatic foci of infection in the lungs also contained granules. An eosinophilic shell supporting a crown of eosinophilic clubs is a noteworthy characteristic of the young granules produced by all three of the strains of Ps. aeruginosa studied. Granules were visible as early as 4 days after the inoculation of 0.1-ml doses of suspensions containing 104 bacteria per ml. No granules were produced in the mice challenged intraperitoneally.
Two of the test strains of Ps. aeruginosa were isolated from plant debris accessible to wild animals, insects and other arthropods. The third strain was isolated from a human case of otitis media.
The observations recorded in this article were made during the development of a research project supported by the Universidad de la Republica, Uruguay, and by the United States Army.
The authors are indebted to Dr Maria L. Iraola de Toledo for histopathological facilities and to Mr R. Cesarco for the photographic work.
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Relapse of Urinary Tract Infection in the Presence of Urinary Tract Calculi: The Role of Bacteria Within the Calculi
More LessSUMMARYBacteria inside urinary bladder calculi were shown to survive after exposure of the calculi to a 3 per cent. solution of iodine in alcohol, or a concentration of an antibiotic far in excess of that required to inhibit the growth of the isolated organism. Calculi were shown to be able to infect fluid culture media in which they were incubated, even if they had first been exposed to antimicrobial agents. The findings may help to explain the persistence of infection and the ineffectiveness of therapy of urinary tract infection in the presence of urinary tract calculi.
This work was supported by a grant from the Commonwealth Fund (Bahia-Cornell Program).
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Production of Rubella Antiserum in Hamsters
More LessSUMMARYIn hamsters a single inoculum of BHK 21 cells chronically infected with rubella virus formed a tumour and stimulated antibody response to the virus. Haemagglutinationinhibition and titration by fluorescent staining were equally sensitive as tests for antibody. The sera with higher HI titre were, when conjugated with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC), suitable for immunofluorescent staining.
My thanks are due to Professor K. McCarthy, Department of Bacteriology, University of Liverpool, for kindly supplying the BHK 21 cells chronically infected with rubella virus; to Professor K. B. Fraser for his help and advice; to Dr J. H. Elwood of the Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, The Queen’s University of Belfast, for the statistical work, and to Miss Lesley Rusk for technical assistance.
The study was supported by a grant from the National Fund for Research into Crippling Diseases.
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Germicide for Sterilising the Surface of Eggs in Gnotobiology
More LessSUMMARY“Portex D.C.R.„ is a reliable germicide for sterilising the surface of fertile eggs; it does not affect the hatch rate of eggs treated with it.
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Volumes and issues
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Volume 73 (2024)
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Volume 72 (2023 - 2024)
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Volume 70 (2021)
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Volume 68 (2019)
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Volume 4 (1971)
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Volume 3 (1970)
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Volume 2 (1969)
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Volume 1 (1968)